"last" meaning in Middle Dutch

See last in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: From Old Dutch *last, from Proto-Germanic *hlastuz. Etymology templates: {{inh|dum|odt|*last}} Old Dutch *last, {{inh|dum|gem-pro|*hlastuz}} Proto-Germanic *hlastuz Head templates: {{head|dum|noun||{{{stem}}}-||{{{stem2}}}-|cat2=|g=m|g2=f|g3=n|head=|head2=|sort=}} last m or f or n, {{dum-noun|m|g2=f|g3=n}} last m or f or n Inflection templates: {{dum-decl-noun-st-m}}, {{dum-decl-noun-st-f}}, {{dum-decl-noun-st-n}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], last [nominative, singular], laste [nominative, plural], last [accusative, singular], laste [accusative, plural], lasts [genitive, singular], laste [genitive, plural], laste [dative, singular], lasten [dative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], last [nominative, singular], laste [nominative, plural], last [accusative, singular], laste [accusative, plural], last [genitive, singular], laste [genitive, singular], laste [genitive, plural], last [dative, singular], laste [dative, singular], lasten [dative, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], last [nominative, singular], last [nominative, plural], laste [nominative, plural], last [accusative, singular], last [accusative, plural], laste [accusative, plural], lasts [genitive, singular], laste [genitive, plural], laste [dative, singular], lasten [dative, plural]
  1. load, weight Tags: feminine, masculine, neuter
    Sense id: en-last-dum-noun-Rza8EVy3
  2. task, duty, obligation Tags: feminine, masculine, neuter
    Sense id: en-last-dum-noun-y7LkLb3Q
  3. tax (money) Tags: feminine, masculine, neuter
    Sense id: en-last-dum-noun-imCAUMGv
  4. (emotional) difficulty, sorrow Tags: feminine, masculine, neuter
    Sense id: en-last-dum-noun-ODTnnj7l
  5. a unit of volume Tags: feminine, masculine, neuter
    Sense id: en-last-dum-noun-RMns5n8i Categories (other): Units of measure, Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 3 27 3 13 53
     
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "last"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: last",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: last"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "af",
            "2": "las"
          },
          "expansion": "Afrikaans: las",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "( Afrikaans: las"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "li",
            "2": "las"
          },
          "expansion": "Limburgish: las",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Limburgish: las"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*last"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *last",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hlastuz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlastuz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *last, from Proto-Germanic *hlastuz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dum-decl-noun-st-m",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lasts",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lasten",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dum-decl-noun-st-f",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lasten",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dum-decl-noun-st-n",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lasts",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lasten",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{stem}}}-",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "f",
        "g3": "n",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "last m or f or n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "g2": "f",
        "g3": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "last m or f or n",
      "name": "dum-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "dum-decl-noun-st-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "dum-decl-noun-st-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "dum-decl-noun-st-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Dutch",
  "lang_code": "dum",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "load, weight"
      ],
      "id": "en-last-dum-noun-Rza8EVy3",
      "links": [
        [
          "load",
          "load"
        ],
        [
          "weight",
          "weight"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "task, duty, obligation"
      ],
      "id": "en-last-dum-noun-y7LkLb3Q",
      "links": [
        [
          "task",
          "task"
        ],
        [
          "duty",
          "duty"
        ],
        [
          "obligation",
          "obligation"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tax (money)"
      ],
      "id": "en-last-dum-noun-imCAUMGv",
      "links": [
        [
          "tax",
          "tax"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "difficulty, sorrow"
      ],
      "id": "en-last-dum-noun-ODTnnj7l",
      "links": [
        [
          "difficulty",
          "difficulty"
        ],
        [
          "sorrow",
          "sorrow"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "emotional",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(emotional) difficulty, sorrow"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "dum",
          "name": "Units of measure",
          "orig": "dum:Units of measure",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 27 3 13 53",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a unit of volume"
      ],
      "id": "en-last-dum-noun-RMns5n8i",
      "links": [
        [
          "unit",
          "unit"
        ],
        [
          "volume",
          "volume"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "last"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle Dutch feminine nouns",
    "Middle Dutch lemmas",
    "Middle Dutch masculine nouns",
    "Middle Dutch neuter nouns",
    "Middle Dutch nouns",
    "Middle Dutch nouns with multiple genders",
    "Middle Dutch strong feminine nouns",
    "Middle Dutch strong masculine nouns",
    "Middle Dutch strong neuter nouns",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Pages with 14 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "last"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: last",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: last"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "af",
            "2": "las"
          },
          "expansion": "Afrikaans: las",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "( Afrikaans: las"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "li",
            "2": "las"
          },
          "expansion": "Limburgish: las",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Limburgish: las"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*last"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *last",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hlastuz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlastuz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *last, from Proto-Germanic *hlastuz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dum-decl-noun-st-m",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lasts",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lasten",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dum-decl-noun-st-f",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lasten",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dum-decl-noun-st-n",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "last",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lasts",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lasten",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "{{{stem}}}-",
        "5": "",
        "6": "{{{stem2}}}-",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "f",
        "g3": "n",
        "head": "",
        "head2": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "last m or f or n",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "g2": "f",
        "g3": "n"
      },
      "expansion": "last m or f or n",
      "name": "dum-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "dum-decl-noun-st-m"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "dum-decl-noun-st-f"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "dum-decl-noun-st-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle Dutch",
  "lang_code": "dum",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "load, weight"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "load",
          "load"
        ],
        [
          "weight",
          "weight"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "task, duty, obligation"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "task",
          "task"
        ],
        [
          "duty",
          "duty"
        ],
        [
          "obligation",
          "obligation"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tax (money)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tax",
          "tax"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "difficulty, sorrow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "difficulty",
          "difficulty"
        ],
        [
          "sorrow",
          "sorrow"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "emotional",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(emotional) difficulty, sorrow"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "dum:Units of measure"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a unit of volume"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "unit",
          "unit"
        ],
        [
          "volume",
          "volume"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "last"
}

Download raw JSONL data for last meaning in Middle Dutch (5.2kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-02 using wiktextract (99a4ed9 and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.